Hazmat Reference

DOT hazmat placards, explained

Every hazmat placard on the road belongs to one of nine DOT hazard classes defined under 49 CFR — identified by class number, color, and symbol. This page is a plain-language reference to the classes, how UN numbers and ERG guide numbers fit in, and how DOT placards differ from the GHS pictograms you'll see on a shipping label.

Class, division, and what it covers

ClassNameDivisions
1Explosives1.1–1.6, by hazard severity
2Gases2.1 Flammable · 2.2 Non-Flammable/Non-Toxic · 2.3 Toxic
3Flammable Liquid
4Flammable Solid4.1 Flammable Solid · 4.2 Spontaneously Combustible · 4.3 Dangerous When Wet
5Oxidizer / Organic Peroxide5.1 Oxidizer · 5.2 Organic Peroxide
6Toxic / Infectious Substance6.1 Toxic · 6.2 Infectious Substance
7Radioactive
8Corrosive
9Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods

HazMat Pro covers all 19 placard divisions across these nine classes, each with color, symbol, common UN numbers, and handling notes.

The four-digit code on the shipping paper

A UN number identifies the specific material inside — not just its hazard class. Two shipments can carry the same placard but different UN numbers, and the UN number is what a first responder or dispatcher actually looks up.

UN NumberMaterialClass
UN1075Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)2.1
UN1203Gasoline3
UN1830Sulfuric Acid8
UN3480 / UN3481Lithium Ion Batteries9

Each UN number also maps to an ERG guide number — a two- or three-digit page reference in the Emergency Response Guidebook covering potential hazards, safety distances, and initial response steps for that material.

DOT placard vs. GHS pictogram

DOT Placard

Required under 49 CFR on vehicles and bulk containers in transport. Identifies hazard class for responders, carriers, and inspectors on the road.

GHS Pictogram

Required under OSHA's Hazard Communication Standard on product labels and Safety Data Sheets. Warns workers handling the container at the workplace.

The same material can carry both at once — a transport placard on the tanker and a GHS pictogram on the drum inside it. They're answering different questions for different audiences, which is why HazMat Pro keeps a glossary for both alongside the placard and UN number data.

From placard to full response guidance

HazMat Pro puts all 19 DOT placard divisions, 55+ UN numbers with ERG guide numbers, and the GHS/DOT glossary in one offline-first reference — plus a voice-powered Identify tool for when you'd rather ask than search.

HazMat Pro

DOT placards, UN numbers, ERG guide numbers, and GHS pictograms — searchable and fully offline.

Open HazMat Pro

Common questions

How many DOT hazmat placard classes are there?

Nine hazard classes, several split into numbered divisions — like 2.1 Flammable Gas or 4.3 Dangerous When Wet — for 19 placard divisions in total.

What is a UN number?

A four-digit code identifying the specific material being shipped, such as UN1203 for gasoline. It's what shipping papers and lookups actually key off of, not just the hazard class.

What is an ERG guide number?

A page reference in the Emergency Response Guidebook that a UN number maps to, covering hazards, safety distances, and initial response steps for that material.

What's the difference between a DOT placard and a GHS pictogram?

Placards mark transport vehicles under DOT rules; GHS pictograms mark product labels and SDS sheets under OSHA rules. The same material can carry both at the same time.

More hazmat resources

Disclaimer: This page is an independent summary for reference and training use only. It is not affiliated with the US DOT, PHMSA, OSHA, or the ERG's publisher, and it does not replace the current official Emergency Response Guidebook, 49 CFR, or your organization's SOPs. Always confirm against current official sources before acting on this data in the field.